定向运动项目归属问题研究

Research on Category Attribution of Orienteering

目前存在将定向运动归于田径类运动和科技体育两种理论趋向,论文通过文献资料分析法、比较分析法、逻辑分析法对定向运动的两种归属问题提出了质疑。与田径类项目相比,定向运动在课程性质、教学目标或教育功能、内容与技术特征、运动场地与组织方法、测量与评价的时间特征以及智力能力表现等方面都有自己独特的项目特征;另外,"科技体育"作为学术概念先天不足,将定向运动归于科技体育既不能突出定向运动的项目特征,也无助于项目的长期推广、普及与健康发展。建议建立户外运动项目群,将定向运动归于户外运动项目群中。

Theoretically, orienteering is attributed to track -and-field sports or technologic sports .The two-category attribution is questioned through the methods of literature analysis , comparative analysis and logical analysis .Compared with track -and-field sports, orienteering has its own unique project characteristics in course nature , teaching objectives or educational function , content and technical characteristics , sport field and organizational method , time characteristics of measurement and estimation , and mental capacity performance .Moreover , as the deficiencies of the academic concept of “technologic sports”, if orienteering is attributed to that concept , it can neither stand out the project characteristics of orienteering nor benefit to spread , popularize , or develop the project .It is suggested that an outdoor sports category is established and orienteering is attributed to the category of outdoor sports .