摘要
水族人的现代婚姻生活中,一直遗留着原始母系氏族的"坐家制"。通过对这种原始婚姻起源、婚合禁忌以及水族"坐家制度"的社会结构功能分析,充分反映了水族人的传统节日和婚姻习俗。水族人定亲,要操办一个简单的杀鸡祭祀仪式,人们把这种杀鸡祭祀仪式称之为"看鸡眼",媒人通过"看鸡眼"的形态来判断这次婚合的吉凶。凡是在婚姻习俗中,遗留着"坐家制"和"走婚制"的少数民族,妇女在家庭生产、生活中都占有主导地位。
In social marital life of Shui people, it has always remained primitive matriarchal ＂home staying＂ marriage, which continues the life of Shui people. Shui people generally hold a chicken slaughter ritual called ＂watching chicken eyes＂ . Through its morphological characteristics, the good and bad marriage can be judged. The chicken slaughter ritual and the egg worship fully reflect the traditional festival and marriage custom of Shui people. Anthropological fieldwork shows： in ethnic minority areas of Naxi people of Yunnan, and Tong and Yao people of Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou, there are still remnants of matriarchal era ＂home staying＂ and ＂walking marriage＂ . Any minorities, which have remnants like ＂home staying＂ and ＂walking marriage＂ in their marriage custom, women often play the dominant position in the household production and domestic life.
关键词
水族人
母系氏族
坐家制婚姻
原发生学
社会结构功能分析
Shui, matriarchal, home staying marriage, Phylogenetics, function analysis of social structure
