抗战时期的冬学及民校研究——以晋东南根据地为中心

On Schools Operated in Winter and Schools of the People During Anti-Japanese War——With the Southeast of Shanxi Province as the Center

抗日战争时期,中国共产党在根据地推行冬学、民校两种社会教育模式。同其它敌后根据地一样,晋东南根据地的冬学、民校与根据地的创建和发展紧密相连,经历了初始、稳固、坚持、壮大4个阶段,在学校的组织领导、内容方式、师资经费等方面都尽可能符合当时农村的实际情况,在推动根据地政治、经济、文化诸方面有不可忽视的作用。

During Anti-Japanese War, schools operated in winter and schools of the people were the two main kinds of forms to carry out social education by the Communist Party of China in base areas behind the enemy lines. Like the other base areas, schools in the Southeast of Shanxi Province were synchronous with the establishment and development of those areas. Those sehools chiefly experienced four stages： establishment, development, persislenee and restoration. Organization and leadership of schools, teaching methods, teaching contents, leachers＇ training, funds and the like basically fit in with the under-developed economy and hackward euhure in rural areas. Those schools played an inestimable role in the aspects of politics, economy and culture.