孙清彦与《学书枝言碑》初探

Recovery and Analysis of a Valuable Lost Gem in the History of Calligraphy——On the Preliminary Studies of the Xue-Shu-Zhi-Yan Stone by Sun Qing-Yan

孙清彦《学书枝言碑》是久坠尘封的重要历史文献,是书法与书论合璧的瑰宝。作为古代黔西南历史上绝无仅有的艺术理论,它甚至填补了贵州近代书论的一段空白,堪称金州史上文化品味最高的碑刻。可惜原石已毁,今仅存残石四截及各处散帙拓片、照片资料,诚如散乱的扑克残牌,无人卒读。故尔一直未见其全文刊行。笔者兼习文学与书法,在勤力搜集、整理、校读的基础上,深入研究孙清彦,初步回答其《学书枝言碑》的诸多疑问,勘正地方史志所载之不确,并勉力点校注释全文。

The Xue-Shu-Zhi-Yan Stone by Sun Qing-Yan is an unresolved and unrecovered document of historical importance. An -6000 character article, it presents both calligraphy and calligraphic theories as a seamless whole. This stone is the only known theoretical treatment of the Arts in Qianxi＇nan＇s history, and constitutes a missing segment of Guizhou＇s near-modern calligraphic theories. In these senses, it is among the most culturally rich and valuable pieces of stone carvings in Qianxi＇nan. Unfortunately, the original stone has been destroyed and is lost. The only remain is a single broken piece. In addition, one can find scattered copies （stone rubbings） and photographs of the original document. Thesematerials have been difficult to decipher or rearrange due to the requirement of high command of knowledge in literature and calligraphic practices. The author, experienced in both, led the effort of an in-depth study on Sun Qing-Yan and provide preliminary answers to long standing questions on the reading of the Xue-Shu-Zhi-Yan Stone. This analysis leads to realizations and corrections of inaccuracies and errors in local historical records. Furthermore, the author presents comprehensive chapters of annotations, translations and interpretations of the whole Tablet.