建筑物安全疏散系统设计探讨

Security Sparse System of Building

建筑物火灾中,无论是人员逃生,还是抢救重要物资,都离不开科学合理的安全疏散设施.本文从安全出口总宽度、楼梯间的首层是否设置直通室外的安全出口、楼梯间在各层的平面位置是否改变、地下楼梯间与地上楼梯间是否连在一起、地下楼梯间在首层未与其它部分是否分隔、楼梯的耐火极限、疏散走道耐火等级、装修材料的应用、应急照明和疏散指示标志的设置等方面对疏散系统的优化设计进行了探讨,对现行建筑疏散设计中的问题进行了检讨,以期能对设计人员在进行建筑物防火设计时有所帮助.

Personnel evacuation and saving important material in structure fire depend on scientific reasonable security sparse system. Sparse system optimization was researched in the fire escape width, the first stairwells whether to designing the fire escape through the outside, the stairwells at the planimetric position flat each layer whether to changing, underground stairwells whether to connecting the overground, underground stairwells in the first layer end whether to separating in other parts, fire resistance of stairs, refractory grade of the evacuation aisle, the application of decoration materials, emergency lighting and designing intelligent evacuation indictor sign, so on. And the problem of designing building evacuation was also discussed. These researches will certainly help the design of building fire escape.