颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死的关系分析

Correlation analysis between carotid atherosclerotic plaque and cerebral infarction

目的：探讨颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死的关系。方法选取本院2011年1月~2013年1月收治的90例脑梗死患者为观察组，并选取同期90例非脑血管病患者为对照组，两组患者均进行颈动脉超声检查，观察患者颈动脉是否存在斑块，并观察不同类型斑块与脑梗死的关系。结果观察组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生率达78.89%，明显高于对照组的17.78%，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组中扁平斑13例（18.31%），软斑24例（33.80%），硬斑12例（16.90%），混合斑22例（30.99%）；对照组中扁平斑8例（50.00%），软斑2（12.50%），硬斑4例（25.00%），混合斑2例（12.50%），两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组中软斑、混合斑发生率均明显高于硬斑和扁平斑（P〈0.05）。结论对于可能发生颈动脉粥样硬化患者应及时进行颈动脉超声检查，了解患者颈动脉粥样硬化的病变性质，从而选择合适的治疗方法，以预防脑梗死的发生。

Objective To explore the correlation between carotid atherosclerotic plaque and cerebral infarction. Meth-ods 90 patients with cerebral infarction admitted and treated in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2013 were selected as observation group and 90 patients without cerebrovascular disease in the same period were selected as con-trol group.The carotid ultrasonography was used in both groups to observe whether there was plaque in the carotid artery.The correlation between different types of plaque and cerebral infarction was observed. Results The incidence rate of carotid atherosclerotic plaque was 78.89% in observation group,significantly higher than that in control group （17.78%）,with statistical difference（P〈0.05）.The observation group had 13 cases（18.31%）of flat plaque,24 cases（33.80%） of soft plaque,12 cases（16.90%）of hard plaque and 22 cases（30.99%）of mixed plaque while the control group had 8 cas-es（50.00%）of flat plaque,2 cases （12.50%）of soft plaque,4 cases （25.00%）of hard plaque and 2 cases （12.50%）of mixed plaque,with statistical difference（P〈0.05）.Incidence rate of soft plaque and mixed plaque in observation group was high-er than that of hard plaque and flate plaque respectively （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Carotid ultrasonography should be con-ducted on patients with possible carotid atherosclerosis to observe the lesion characteristic of carotid atherosclerosis and select appropriate treatment method to prevent cerebral infarction.