北魏孝文帝汉化改革对尚书制度的影响

The Effects of Hanization Reformation on Shangshu Institution in Northern Wei Dynasty

魏晋南北朝是尚书制度发展的重要过渡时期。北魏作为少数民族政权,汉化是其发展的重要线索,而尚书制度又是北魏汉化中的重要表现。孝文帝大举推行汉化改革,完善了尚书制度并使其成为固定制度,是隋建立尚书制的基础。《魏书》对此多有记载,结合史料分析,孝文帝的汉化改革促使尚书制度发展稳固。而汉化改革中出现的胡汉矛盾又使尚书制度出现了新的特点,身居宰辅的尚书省长官成为权臣彰显荣宠的象征。

From In the development process of Shangshu institution , the Weijin and Nanbei Dynasties were the important transition period .The Northern Wei Dynasty was minority regime , and Hanization was the important clue of its development .Shangshu institution is an important manifestation of Hanization .Xiaowen emperor pursued the Hanization reformation in great force , improved the Shangshu institution and made it become a fixed system .It is the foundation of the establishment of Shangshu institution in the Sui Dynasty .It could be shown that the Hanization reformation of Xiaowen emperor promoted the formation of a fixed Shangshu institution by the analysis of historical materials, such as the book of Weishu .And the contradiction between Hu and Han in the Hanization reformation made Shangshu institution arise new features .Chief executive of Shangshu system became the symbol of the glory for powerful ministers .