老年人高血压临床特征及其防治方法分析

Clinical features of elderly hypertension and its prevention and treatment methods

目的探讨分析老年高血压患者的临床特征,并提出相应的防治方法。方法选取2011年5月到2014年5月来我院就诊的老年高血压患者128例作为研究对象,对其临床表现进行观察分析。结果 128例患者临床表现主要是头晕、头痛、心悸且伴有耳鸣等症状;其中61例患者为ISH,32例患者为IDH,而其余患者则为二者的合并症;高血压I期、II期、III期所占比例分别为12.5%、71.88%、15.62%%;高血压患者易导致多种并发症的发生,在128例患者中合并脑溢血、冠心病、脑梗塞的比例为11.72%、74.22%、26.56%,其中合并冠心病、脑溢血的患者男女之间并无明显差异(P>0.05),而脑梗阻患者的男女发病率具有较大的差异。结论老年患者的主要临床特征为单纯性的收缩压增高,且具有较多的并发症和合并症。

Objective To investigate the clinical features of elderly hypertension and to propose corresponding prevention and treatment methods. Methods A total of elderly hypertension patients who visited our hospital from May 2011 to May 2014 were included in the study. Their clinical manifestations were observed and analyzed. Results Among the 128 patients, the main clinical manifestations included dizziness, headache, palpitation, and tinnitus. Sixty-one cases had isolated systolic hypertension （ISH）, 32 cases had isolated diastolic hypertension （IDH）, and others had a combination of ISH and IDH. The percentages of patients with stage 1, 2, and 3 hypertension were 12.5%, 71.88%, and 15.62%, respectively. There were various complications among these hypertensive patients; 11.72%, 74.22%, and 26.56%of all hypertensive patients had cerebral hemorrhage, coronary heart disease, and cerebral infarction, respectively. The prevalence of coronary heart disease and cerebral hemorrhage showed no significant difference between male and female patients （P﹥0.05）, while there was a significant difference in the prevalence of cerebral infarction between the two groups of patients. Conclusion Elderly hypertensive patients have isolated systolic hypertension as the main clinical feature and have various complications and comorbidities.