村镇既有砌体结构抗震加固新技术研发与示范

Research and application of seismic strengthening technology to existing masonry structures in villages and small towns

村镇房屋多数为砌体结构,具有抗震构造要求少、施工质量差、监管不利等特点,历次地震中大量村镇自建房屋倒塌,给人民生命及财产带来了巨大的损失。不幸的是现有的传统加固方法虽然可以满足部分工程应用,但是由于其工期长、造价高、对环境影响较大等缺点,无法满足村镇砌体房屋的加固需求。针对这一问题,结合既有砌体的结构特点和后张预应力技术的优势,提出了一个抗震加固新技术;通过实验室对比试验考察了新型加固技术的特点和优势;并通过实际的农村自建房加固改造工程,验证了新型技术在既有砖砌体结构抗震加固方面的优越性。结果表明:与同条件下未加固的墙体相比,采用后张预应力加固方法可提高墙体的延性,及墙体带裂缝的工作能力,同时也可以提高墙体的抗震承载力;通过示范工程可知,与传统抗震加固技术相比,该技术具有施工工艺简单、工期短、造价低、施工过程中建筑物仍可正常使用等优势。

Owing to the characteristics of buildings in village and small towns such as less seismic constructional measures, poor quality and construction supervision, a lot of self - built building collapsed in the earthquake. It has brought about huge losses of the lives and properties of people. Unfortunately, the traditional reinforcement methods can not meet the demands of strengthening rural masonry buildings, due to its shortcomings, such as long construc- tion period, high cost, a greater impact on the environment etc. In this paper, to solve the existing problem, com- bining the characteristics of masonry and superiority of post - tensioning technology, a novel seismic reinforcement technique was given. The comparative tests were carried out in laboratory for checking the characteristics and ad- vantages of the new strengthening technology, and the actual building of rural reinforcement engineering was conducted to verify the superiority of novel seismic strengthening technology. The results show that, comparing with the same conditions common masonry wall, the ductility ability to work with cracks and seismic bearing capacity of reinforced wall are improved. And it was demonstrated by real project that the novel technology has simple construction process, short construction period and low cost etc.