含有瞬态冲击信号的振动测量

Vibration measurement of transient impact signal

土木水利工程结构的惯性绝对振动测量中,瞬态冲击信号测量是一个难点,有时测量信号和真实信号差距甚大。针对土木水利工程结构的瞬态冲击信号的惯性绝对测量,分析得到惯性传感器的瞬态反应是造成瞬态冲击信号测量失真的原因,对传感器的瞬态反应问题进行了讨论。从瞬态冲击信号,尤其是单个脉冲持续时间较长的瞬态冲击信号及测量传感器(指惯性式绝对振动测量传感器)两方面对瞬态冲击信号测量问题进行了分析,指出了长持时瞬态冲击信号测量效果不好主要是因为传感器的通频带带宽不够,尤其是低频带宽不够,总结了加速度、速度及位移瞬态冲击信号测量应注意的一些事项。因为位移信号通常由速度信号积分而来,对积分造成的瞬态信号测量严重失真的问题进行了讨论,并给出了一组对比结果。最后,进行了总结并给出了一些结论。

In measurement of inertia absolute vibration for civil and hydraulic engineering structures, the measurement of transient impact signal is a very difficult problem. Sometimes, there are large gap between the measurement signal and the true signal. Aimed at the inertia absolute measurement of transient impact signal for civil and hydraulic engineering structures, this paper analyzes the distortion of the measurement of transient impact signal caused by the transient response of inertia sensor and discusses the transient response of the sensor. The paper analyzes the transient impact signal measurement issues from transient impact signal, especially a single pulse with long duration, and measurement sensor （inertial absolute vibration measurement sensor） ;points out that the measurement result of the long - duration transient impact signal is not good mainly because the bandwidth of the sensor is not wide enough, especially low-frequency bandwidth is not wide enough;summarizes that some issue should be noticed when consider the acceleration, velocity and displacement transient impact signal measurement. Because the displacement signal is usually obtained by integration of the velocity signal, The paper also discusses the serious distortion of the transient impact signal measurement caused by integration and presents a set of comparative result. Finally, summary and some conclusions are drawn.