水资源私有化及其解决途径:观照拉丁美洲

Water Privatization and the Approaches: Focusing on Latin America

在发展中国家,工业化发展在导致水资源浪费和污染的同时,水资源的私有化也逐步演变成一个突出特点,正一步一步吞噬其公共产品属性。在拉丁美洲,历史遗留问题以及新自由主义对经济、社会、政治产生了重要影响,可治理性问题愈发突出,但作为人类最为需要的水资源在该地区却表现出了不可治理性的特点,拉美地区水资源的私有化已经引起当下拉美各国政府和人民的关注。虽然该地区各国的自然和社会环境、执政模式、执政思路有所不同,但各国广泛发动民众参与,制定了切实可靠的法律维护水资源的公共性。这可为同是发展中国家的我国在水资源问题处理方面提供一些有益借鉴。

In developing countries, industrialization led to waste and pollution of water resources, at the same time, water privatization had also gradually evolved into a prominent feature,and it is gradually weakening public product attributes of water. In Latin America, historical issues as well as neoliberalism had a major impact to economy, society, politic of this area, and governability may become more prominent. Though water resources is been as the most needs of human being, it shows non- governability in Latin America, meanwhile, Latin America goverments and people begin to pay attention to water privatization. Although every countries is different from natural and social environment, governance model, the ruling ideas, public participation safeguard water resources＇ public features. All of these may provide some useful reference for China in handling water issues.