明代沅水流域的人口变迁

The Population Changes of the Yuan River Basin in the Ming Dynasty

沅水流域的人口在明代发生了巨大变迁。明初,在卫所驻军、移民垦荒等因素作用下,大量外来人口迁入,虽有部分人口外迁,但总人口规模逐渐恢复。明中叶后,河谷平原的土地开发与商品流通的发展,进一步带动了外地人口的迁入,促进了流域人口的继续增长。受地理环境的不同制约,流域内部各地的人口变迁存在明显的区域差异,从而影响了不同地区的社会经济与文化发展。

The population of the Yuan River Basin has undergone tremendous changes in the Ming Dynasty. In the early Ming Dynasty, a large number of people moved to the Yuan River Basin from other areas because of garrison and immigration reclamation. Although some people moved out, the total population recovered gradually. After the middle Ming Dynasty, along with the river valley plain land development and the circulation of commodities, more population of other areas moved to the Yuan River Basin which promoted the continuing growth of population. Due to different geographical constraints, there is an obvious regional difference of demographic change around the basin interior. This pattern influenced social, economic and cultural development in different regions.