摘要
以南粳49为材料,研究栽插苗数对超级稻冠层和产量的影响。结果表明,南粳49对栽插苗数有较宽的适应范围,在2~4株·穴-1的栽插苗数内,南粳49均可达到较高的产量,而5株·穴-1则产量显著降低。不同的栽插苗数,南粳49有不同适应调节方式:2株·穴-1的植株,可通过增加单株分蘖数、每穗总粒数和提高单叶光合能力,从而增加干物质累积而获得高产;3株·穴-1的植株,则通过增加群体叶面积等提高群体数量的方式,增加有效穗数,而获得高产;在4株·穴-1的植株,则通过增加叶面积指数,以及减少倒2叶的叶基角以增加群体中层截光率,而改善群体质量,从而达到高产。可见,南粳49是具有较强群体调控能力的超高产水稻品种类型,选择2株·穴-1的栽插苗数,产量可以达到(12.63±0.253) t · hm -2,而且可以减少用种量。
Nanjing 49 was used in the experimentation to determine the effect of seedling planting density on the canopy and yield of the super-rice . The results showed that Nanjing 49's adaptability to the varying planting density was rather broad .It could reach a high yield at the range of 2 -4 plans · hill-1 . However ,when the planting density was more than 5 plants · hill-1 ,the productivity significantly reduced .It appeared that Nanjing 49 adapted to the varied planting density by different means . For example ,at the rate of 2 plants · hill-1 ,it increased the total dry matters to reach a high yield by increasing its tillers per plant ,total grains per spike ,and photosynthetic capacity per leaf . At 3 plants · hill-1 ,a high yield was achieved through increasing the total leaf area and effective panicles per hill . Then ,when the planting was increased to 4 plants · hill-1 ,it improved the yield by increasing LAI and reducing the leaf's base angle of the second leaves to effectively increase the sunlight reception . Therefore , with its high adaptability to the planting density ,Nanjing 49 could provide a yield as high as (12.63± 0.253) t · hm -2 on a reduced number of seedlings · hill-1 (e .g .,2 plants · hill-1 ) to save on the planting cost .
出处
《福建农业学报》
CAS
2014年第8期725-732,共8页
Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31371554)
国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2011BAD16B03)
江苏省自主创新基金(CX[(12)1003])
国家转基因重大专项(2014ZX08001-004-001-009)
国家环保部项目(201009023)
江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130708)