菊芋耐性胁迫及种质保存研究进展

Research Progress on Stress Response and Conservation of Jerusalem Artichoke( Helianthus tuberous L. ) Germplasm

菊芋(Helianthus tuberous L.)属菊科向日葵属多年生草本植物,是重要的作物种质资源。国内外对菊芋已开展了生态、经济、能源及育种栽培等研究,近年来胁迫条件对菊芋的影响研究成为新的热点。菊芋是无性繁殖作物,目前对菊芋种质资源的保存主要采取田间圃位的形式,国外已经开展了试管苗保存和超低温保存等研究,而我国尚存在空白。本文着重从菊芋的胁迫耐性响应研究,包括干旱、盐碱及低温3个不同胁迫条件对田间性状、生理生化、蛋白、分子水平的研究,以及常规保存和离体保存等种质保存研究2个方面进行阐述,并指出目前存在的问题,为菊芋超低温保存和开发利用提供理论依据。

Jerusalem artichoke（ Helianthus tuberous L.） belonging to Asteraceae family,is a perennial herb.Jerusalem artichoke is an important crop germplasm resource. The researches on its ecology,economy,energy,cultivation,and breeding have been conducted for many years. Stress responses has become the focus of study in recent years. Jerusalem artichoke is one of asexually propagated crops,and mainly conserved in the field nursery. The in vitro conservation and cryopreservation methods were tried abroad. However,the relevant conservation research was not started in China. In this paper,we summarized the research progress of Jerusalem artichoke germplasm resource and payed more attention to the study of stress response,including the research of drought,salinity,and low temperature stresses on field properties,physiology and biochemistry,protein,and molecular level. We also setted forth the general conservation and in vitro conservation states of Jerusalem artichoke and its problems. This would be benefit for the future utilization and cryopreservation.