节瓜、冬瓜重要性状多样性及亲缘关系的SRAP分析

Genetic Relationship of Chieh-qua and Wax-gourd on the Morphological Phenotypes and SRAP Markers

以冬瓜、节瓜38份种质资源为材料,主要对萌芽率、单果重、瓜长、瓜宽、瓜皮色、瓜型、星点多少、果肉厚和果肉色共计9个性状的表型性状进行了研究,供试材料9个性状的表型变异系数在9.12%-123.13%之间,尤以单果重的变异系数最大;遗传多样性指数（H＇）在0.122-1.859之间。SRAP结果显示：利用筛选出的20对引物对38份节瓜、冬瓜材料进行扩增,共扩增出多态性条带323条,遗传相似系数在0.95-0.99之间,节瓜和冬瓜的遗传背景非常窄,冬瓜和黄毛型节瓜亲缘关系近于普通类型节瓜。本研究还解决了部分材料同名异物的问题,可为冬瓜和节瓜育种提供有价值的参考。

In this study,genetic relationship of 38 representative germplasms of the chieh-qua and wax-gourd was studied based on the investigation of 9 morphological characters and SRAP markers. A total of 9 characters were studied,including the germination rate,single fruit weight,melon length,width,skin color,shape,stars number,and melon flesh color. The variation coefficient of these 9 biological characters ranged from 9. 12% to 123. 13%,among which the coefficient of single fruit weight was the maximum,and their genetic diversity index（ H＇） ranged from 0. 122 to 1. 859.The SRAP marker showed that totally 323 polymorphic fragments in the tested 38 chieh-qua and wax-gourd materials were generated by 20 pairs of SRAP primers. The molecular genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0. 95 to 0. 99.The genetic backgrounds gap between chieh-qua and wax-gourd was very narrow. The genetic relationship results showed that both yellow-fuzz chieh-qua and wax-gourd were close to the type of common chieh-qua. Therefore,the chieh-qua should not be considered as a variant of wax-gourd,common chieh-qua,yellow-fuzz chieh-qua,and blackfuzz chieh-qua could be considered as wax-gourd local variety. This study also addressed some material homonym problems. In a word,this study could provide the valuable reference for the chieh-qua and wax-gourd breeding.