英美专家证人制度的启示——兼评新《刑事诉讼法》中专家辅助人制度

Enlightenment of Expert Witness System in Common Law —Reviewing the Expert Assistant System in the New Criminal Procedural Law

专家证人在英美法系国家司法实践中有着广泛应用,作为专家证人制度理论与实践的发源地,英美法系国家在专家证人理论和规则等方面均有着重要地位。我国2012年修改的刑事诉讼法确立了专家辅助人制度,通过专家辅助人参与到法庭审理,对鉴定意见提出合理异议,能够提高鉴定意见质证效果。但鉴于我国刑事专家辅助人制度规范尚不充分,实践中仍有诸多问题不够明确,因此可以在分析英美专家证人制度之得失基础上,总结完善我国专家辅助人制度的建议。

Expert witnesses are widely applied in the judicial practice of the common law countries. As the origin of expert witness system, the common law countries play an important role in the theories and rules of expert witness. With the implementation of the amended Criminal Procedure Law in 2012, China has established the expert assistant system. Via the participation in the court hearing, expert assistants can put forward reasonable objections and improve the effect of expert opinion evidence. In view of the insufficiency of China＇s criminal expert assistant system, and the uncertainty of many problems in practice, this article concludes suggestions to perfect expert assistant system in China on the basis of analyzing the gains and losses of expert witness system in common law countries.