自由式摔跤运动项目的技术特征研究

Research on the Technical Characteristics of Freestyle Wrestling

采用文献资料法、专家访谈法和逻辑分析法,对自由式摔跤运动项目的技术特征进行了系统分析,研究认为:自由式摔跤比赛中运动员无论双手做何动作,两脚怎样移动,都要尽量保持低站架,不能随便起伏;跪撑运动员在比赛中首先需要尽量降低身体重心及扩大身体重心的支撑面,其次是需要不停地调整身体重心、支撑面和支撑点。指出当前国内外自由式摔跤技术的发展有四个趋势:一是站立技术成为比赛中的主流技术和主要得分手段;二是摔跤技术向安全实效方向发展;三是技术要求更加全面,绝招更加突出;四是更加重视连贯技术。

By means of literature review, expert interview and logical analysis, the author analyzes the technical characteristics of freestyle wrestling systematically. The research draws the following conclusions; firstly, in freestyle wrestling, players should keep low standing gestures and avoid casual ups and downs no matter what actions two hands and feet will do. Ground players should lower the center of body weight and expand supporting areas of the center of body weight; secondly, they need to adjust the center of body weight, supporting areas and supporting points constantly. Finally, the author points out that there are four major tendencies in the development of freestyle wrestling techniques at home and ahroad： standing techniques have become main technique and main approach of wrestling to gaining scores; wrestling techniques develops towards security and actual effectiveness; the required techniques are more comprehensive and unique skills to win are more protruding; coherent techniques are given more emphases.