村级公共品供给主体多元化研究

A Research on Supplier Diversification of Village-level Public Goods

在计划到市场、人民公社到村民自治、小农经济到城镇化的转型期,村级公共品的供给主体虽有诸多变化,且多能实现帕累托改进,但这远不能满足当前村级公共品的有效供给。鉴于此,并结合相关博弈理论分析及当前村级组织发展现状,本文提出了实现村级公共品供给主体多元化的观点,即通过相关制度要求及政策激励,将村级组织引入到村级公共品供给主体当中。通过分析表明,这不仅有助于避免因现实中村民个体的"搭便车"行为而存在的效率损失,而且也有助于村级组织的进一步完善,最终实现农村全方位的发展。

In the transition period when rural China switches from central planning to market economy, from people's communes to rural autonomy, and from small-scale peasant economy to urbanization, the suppliers of village-level public goods have had many changes, and generally realized pareto improvement, but it is far from enough to realize effective supply. Therefore, conducted as a game theory analysis based upon the current development of village-level organizations, this paper proposes the idea of diversification of village-level public goods suppliers, which means that through corresponding institutional requirements and policy incentives, village-level organizations are introduced into the suppliers team of the public goods.The analysis shows that this practice will not only help to avoid efficiency losses due to the “free ride” behavior of villagers, but al-so help to improve village-level organizations, and ultimately achieve comprehensive development of the rural areas.