经济理性的完善及其与道义理性的对接——认知神经科学的视角

The Improvement of the Theory of Rationality in Economics and the Integration of it with the Rationality in Deontology in the Perspective of Cognitive Neuroscience

古典经济理性理论在两个方面一直存在着解释力不足的难题,其一是如何解决利益通约性问题,即不同主体从主观和客观方面对利益在质与量方面的理解如何通约;其二是如何解释利他的行为。认知神经科学的发展,使得经济理性理论可以对这两个问题作出有力的回应。但面对"什么是更值得过的生活"这样的学理问题,经济理性解释理论本来在诸多情况下就缺乏说服力,将其置于认知神经科学的视野中进行审视,解释力不足的问题则更为凸显。认知神经科学与经济学、哲学的跨学科研究表明,经济理性与道义理性的对接不仅十分必要,而且非常迫切。

The classical theory of rationality in economics cannot persuasively explain these two problems: How to solve the problem of commensurability of interest,that is,how do different subjects commensurate in understanding of quantitative and qualitative interests from the subjective and objective perspectives? and how to account for altruism? The advance in cognitive neuroscience helps the theory of rationality in economics to answer the two questions quite well. However,the theory's insufficiency in explanatory power becomes more prominent when such a theoretical question as'What is a worthier life?'was examined from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience. The interdisciplinary study of cognitive neuroscience,economics and philosophy shows that it is necessary and even urgent to integrate the rationalities in economics and deontology.