中国农产品出口贸易定价权问题探讨——以茶叶出口贸易为例

Study on the Pricing Power of Chinese Agricultural Product in Export:A Case of Chinese Tea

我国是世界农产品贸易大国。近年来,我国农产品贸易发展迅速,贸易规模不断扩大,但出口贸易规模增长幅度有所下降,贸易逆差增长较快,农产品出口贸易价格不断降低,不少农产品在国际市场上的定价处于被动状态。鉴于我国农产品多样化的特点,文章选择具有一定代表性的茶叶为例,探究我国农产品出口贸易定价权问题。研究发现,国际市场上存在的不完全竞争以及管理体制、信息不对称、农产品质量品质、出口企业自身、宣传力度与营销策略等方面的问题是导致我国农产品出口贸易定价权缺失的主要因素。为进一步获取并提升我国农产品贸易定价权,应进一步建立中国农产品贸易商协商机制,充分发挥行业协会作用,提高我国农产品质量品质与卫生水平,大力发展中国特色农产品贸易,进一步完善农产品期货市场,增强农产品出口企业议价能力,加大宣传力度,改变营销策略。

China is a big trade country in terms of agricultural product. In recent years,we have made great achievements inthe trade of agricultural product and the trade scale has been expanded. But there are still some problems,such as the decreasedgrowth rate of export,the increased trade deficit,the reduced price and the passive pricing power. Taking Chinese tea as theexample,the author explores the pricing power of Chinese agricultural product in export. It is found that,such problems as theimperfect competition in international market,the imperfect management system,information asymmetry,quality of agriculturalproduct,defects with China’s exporting enterprises and inefficient publicity and marketing are the main causes for the lack ofpricing power of Chinese agricultural product in export. To obtain the pricing power,we should establish the trade negotiationmechanism,give full play to the role of industrial association,improve the level of quality and sanitation,develop agriculturalproduct trade with Chinese characteristics,further perfect the related futures market,enhance the bargaining power of agriculturalproduct exporting enterprises and invest more in publicity and marketing.