农业技术培训对农村居民收入的影响:基于倾向得分匹配法的研究

Income Returns on Agro-technical Training: Evidence from Propensity-Score Matching

农业技术培训在推动农村居民收入增长中发挥重要的作用。基于全国七省的微观农户调查数据,在考虑样本选择性偏误和内生性问题的基础上,研究使用倾向得分匹配方法估计了农业技术培训对农村居民收入的影响。结果表明:第一,农业技术培训存在着样本自选择和内生性问题,不可观测的能力和素质较高的农村居民更容易参加农业技术培训;第二,在考虑了样本自选择和内生性问题之后,农业技术培训对农村居民收入提高的作用更小,这与当前政府主导型农业技术培训考核方式以及"从上到下"的行政命令式农业技术培训方式有关。因此,为充分发挥农业技术培训对农民收入增长的促进作用,应改变现有的农业技术培训方式,帮助和鼓励那些能力和技能水平偏低的农村居民参加农业技术培训。

Agricultural technology training plays an important role in promoting rural residents' income growth.There are not enough researches on the evaluation of agro-technical training,though there has been a huge progress in the implementation of agro-technical training. Based on the rural household survey data in seven provinces in China,this paper uses the propensity-score matching method to estimate the impact of agro-technical training on rural residents' income. We find that( 1) agro-technical training has self-selected bias and endogeneity issues: farmers who have higher quality are more likely to participate in agro-technical training;( 2) after clearing up the self-selected bias between participants and non-participants,there exists no obvious evidence that agro-technical training has a significant positive impact on rural residents' income growth. This is due to the mobilization and evaluation mode of the agro-technical training. Therefore,in order to give full play to the impact of agro-technical training on rural residents' income growth,we suggest that the mobilization and evaluation mode of the agro-technical programs should be changed and the government should help those farmers with lower quality to participate the agro-technical training.