黔西北岩溶区九种灌木综合营养价值评价

A comprehensive evaluation of nutritional value of nine shrubs in the karst area of northwest Guizhou

灌木作为山羊日粮主要成分，能为家畜补充能量、蛋白质、矿质和多种维生素等，明晰灌木营养价值对野生灌木资源开发具重要意义。本研究定量分析了黔西北9种野生饲用灌木的矿质成分和营养价值，用隶属函数法和灰色关联法与聚类分析对其营养价值进行评价和分类。结果表明，9种灌木矿质含量为，Ca：0．56％～1．10％；P：0．08％～0．21％；Na：0．26％～0．36％；K：0．7％～1．8％；Mg：0．25％～1．00％；Fe：0．03％～0．06％；Cu：15．2～24．1 mg／kg；Mn：76．5～114．0 mg／kg；Zn：33．2～113．1 mg／kg。营养价值为，CP：7．5％～17．1％；WSC（除羊奶子）：7．8％～13．6％；ADF：11．2％～26．5％；NDF：16．2％～45．1％；ME：5．9～7．9 MJ／kg；OMD：37．1％～49．4％。隶属函数法和灰色关联法与聚类分析对9种灌木矿质成分、营养价值和综合营养价值评价结果类似；矿质成分为，悬钩子和平枝子＞老母七和中华柳＞羊奶子和红果蔷薇＞黄花香、醉鱼草和救军粮；营养价值为，救军粮＞羊奶子＞老母七＞黄花香、醉鱼草、中华柳、红果蔷薇、悬钩子和平枝子。综合营养价值评价和聚类结果为，悬钩子和平枝子属优等饲料，老母七、中华柳、羊奶子、红果蔷薇和救军粮属良等饲料，黄花香和醉鱼草属中等价值饲料。营养价值评价应考虑植物矿质成分、营养价值和生物活性物质及家畜采食特性。

Shrubs are one kind of diet for goats and can provide energy,protein,minerals and multivitamins for grazing animals.Information about the feeding value off wild shrubs is useful to graziers.The mineral element content and nutritional value of nine shrubs in the karst region of northwest Guizhou were quantitatively ana-lyzed and further evaluated using fuzzy membership function,grey correlation degree and cluster analysis meth-ods.The mineral content of the nine shrubs was 0.56%-1.10% for Ca,0.08%-0.21% for P,0.26%-0.36% for Na,0.7%-1.8% for K,0.25%-1.00% for Mg,0.03%-0.06% for Fe,15.2-24.1 mg/kg for Cu,76.5-114.0 mg/kg for Mn,33.2-113.1 mg/kg for Zn,respectively.The nutritional value was 7.5%-17.1% for CP （crude protein）,7.8%-13.6% for WSC （water-soluble sugars,excluding of Elaeagnuspun-gens）,11.2%-26.5% for ADF （acid detergent fiber）,16.2%-45.1% for NDF （neutral detergent fiber）, 5.9-7.9 MJ/kg for ME （metabolic energy）and 37.1%-49.4% for OMD （digestibility of organic matter）, respectively.The results for mineral elements,for nutritional value and for comprehensive feeding value of nine shrubs were similar for fuzzy membership function value,grey correlation degree and cluster analysis.The ranking for mineral element content of the shrubs was Rubuscorchorifoliusand Cotoneasterhorizontalis＆gt;Den-drobenthamiacapitata and Salixcathayana＆gt;Elaeagnuspungens and Rosamairei＆gt;Hypericumpatulum, Buddlejaofficinalisand Pyracanthafortuneana,while the nutritional values was P.fortuneana＆gt;E.pungens＆gt;D.capitata＆gt;H.patulum,B.officinalis,S.cathayana,R.mairei,R.corchorifoliusand C.horizontal-is.The results of comprehensive nutritional value and cluster analysis showed that the feeding value of R.cor-chorifoliusand C.horizontaliswas excellent,D.capitata,S.cathayana,E.pungen,R.maireiand P.for-tuneanawas good,and H.patulum and B.officinaliswas medium.When evaluating the feeding value of shrubs,their mineral elements,nutritional values,biologically active substances and the preferential feeding behavior of livestock should be considered.