基于卫星漂流浮标的南海表层海流观测分析

Analysis of upper-ocean surface currents of the South China Sea derived from satellite-tracked drifter data

基于1989-2013年的卫星跟踪漂流浮标资料和1993-2012年的卫星高度计资料，分析了南海表层流场，给出南海各季节多年平均的实际流场和地转流场结构，对南海实际流和地转流的季节变化特征进行了初步探讨，并比较了南海各季节表层实际流场和地转流场的异同。结果表明，南海海域各季节上层环流结构与海域季风关系密切，实际流场和地转流场总体均呈现显著的季节变化特征。通过比较发现，在夏、秋、冬这3个季节，实际流场和地转流场大的环流形势特征基本相同，中小尺度的环流特征有所差别；在春季，两者则呈现出相反的环流特征，环流特征差异明显。

Upper-ocean surface currents of the South China Sea are studied based on satellite-tracked drifter data from 1979 to 2011 and satellite altimeter data from 1993 to 2012. The seasonal averages of the actual flow and geostrophic flow are obtained, and their seasonal variations are discussed. The actual flow field and geostrophic flow field are compared. The results show that the feature of the surface circulation structure of the South China Sea is closely related to the monsoon, both the actual flow field and geostrophic flow field in general show a significant seasonal variation. The large-scale circulations of the actual flow field and geostrophic flow field are basically the same in summer, autumn and winter, but are opposite in spring.