从哲学—人学到科学共产主义(上)──论马克思主义创始人关于人的本质的理论及其对于科学共产主义理论的意义

From Philosophical-anthropology to Scientific Communism--on Marxist Theory about Human Nature and Its Contribution to Scientific Communism

马克思主义创始人关于人的本质的学说 ,包括关于人的类本质和人的现实本质的理论 ;马克思在《184 4年经济学 -哲学手稿》和在《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》中对于人的本质的不同理解 ,实际上是分别从哲学 -人类学层面和哲学 -社会学层面对人的类本质和人的现实本质的理解 ,二者相辅相成 ,构成了完整而科学的关于人的本质的学说 ,而非正误对立的关系 ;马克思主义创始人关于人的类本质和人的现实本质的理论 。

Marxist theory on human nature consists of two parts, mankind nature and realistic essence of each individual. In Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 and Theses on Feuerbach Marx revealed his understanding of human nature from two perspectives, philosophical-anthropology, and philosophical-sociology, respectively. The two explanations supplement each other, without any contradictions in between, to form a complete scientific theory of human nature. Marxist theories on mankind nature and realistic essence of each individual have functioned as a leading logical idea to the theory of scientific communism.