棉花钾素吸收利用效率与产量的关系

Relationship between potassium uptake and utilization efficiency and yield in cotton

为明确钾素吸收利用效率对产量及构成的影响,2007～2008年在扬州大学以不同的钾吸收利用效率品种为材料,进行施钾肥与不施钾肥处理试验,以通径和相关分析探讨了钾素吸收利用与棉花产量的关系。结果表明,钾肥利用率高的品种产量不高,钾肥农学利用率、钾素生理利用率和籽棉生产效率高的品种产量高；钾素生理利用率对铃数和产量的直接贡献最大,钾肥农学利用率通过生理利用率对产量和铃数的间接贡献最大；钾肥利用率对铃质量的贡献最大。钾肥利用率和农学利用率提高有利于中下部和内围产量及铃数提高,钾肥生理利用率和籽棉生产效率提高则有利于上部产量和铃数提高。在钾素利用上提高生理利用效率和籽棉生产效率则是提高整株产量实现高产的重要途径。

Cotton cultivars with different potassium uptake and utilization efficiencies were selected as experimental materials to investigate the relationship between potassium uptake and utilization and the yield by path analysis and correlation analysis. The cultivars with high potassium uptake efficiency showed low seed cotton yield, while the cultivars with high po-tassium agronomic efficiency, high potassium physiological efficiency and high seed cotton production efficiency exhibited high seed cotton yield. The potassium physiological efficiency made the greatest contribution to boll number and seed cotton yield, the potassium agronomic efficiency had the biggest indirect effect on boll number and seed cotton yield through physiological efficiency, and the potassium uptake efficiency played the largest role in boll weight. The increases of both potassium uptake efficiency and agronomic efficiency were in favor of boll number and seed cotton yield on the lower, middle and inner parts of＆amp;nbsp;the cotton plant. The improvements of both potassium physiological efficiency and seed cotton production efficiency could boost boll number and seed cotton yield on the upper parts of the cotton plant. It is of importance to in-crease both potassium physiological efficiency and seed cot-ton production efficiency for high yield.