列车高速过站引起车站顶棚瞬变压力研究

Research on transient pressure of the station roof induced by high speed train passing through railway station

采用列车气动性能动模型试验装置,对高速列车以不同速度进出车站气动性能进行研究,模型缩比为1∶20,列车采用2车编组。研究结果表明:列车头部或尾部通过瞬间,将会引起车站顶棚处空气压力发生突变,形成具有破坏性的瞬态冲击压力波;车站顶棚不同测点的压力随着车体壁面距测点的间距增大而减小,且列车进站时引起的测点压力系数幅值比出口大5%左右;当两列车在车站交会时,不仅列车通过测点会引起较大的压力波动,而且两列车交会瞬间也会产生剧烈的交会压力波,使得测点瞬变压力曲线显著不同于单车通过测点情况。

In order to analyze the aerodynamic performance of high speed train passing through railway stations at different speeds,moving model rig was adopted with a 1/20th scaled train model consisting of 4 coaches.The re-sults show that the flow pressure on the station ceiling changes obviously when the head car or rear car passes through,which forms an impact of transient pressure.Meanwhile,the pressure at different measure points on ceiling decreases with the increase of the distance between car body and measure points,and the pressure ampli-tudes of points near the station entrance is 5% bigger than the exits when trains pass by.Moreover,that two trains pass through each other causes big fluctuations to the point pressure.Besides,it will produce violent inter-section pressure waves which make the transient pressure history of measure points different from the condition that single train passes through the railway station.