概念隐喻中始源域“多元性”的体验哲学观——以汉语诗词中“愁”的概念隐喻为例

The Embodied Cognitive Perspective on the Diversity of the Source Domains in Conceptual Metaphors: Focusing on the Conceptual Metaphor of “Sorrow” in Chinese Poems

本研究从体验认知的视角考察隐喻中始源域"多元性"的认知理据。通过对汉语诗词中"愁"的概念隐喻里始源域选择背后动因的分析,本文发现隐喻是施喻者的一种心理映射,始源域的选择必然反映出认知主体对某一特定目标域的认知取向。目标域多面性的特征固然需要多个具有不同显著特征的始源域来对其加以理解,但选择什么样的始源域更取决于施喻者主体的体验认知。研究结果显示,认知主体的时代背景和生活经历、感官差异性和隐喻聚焦的意向性共同决定了隐喻始源域选择的"多元性"。

This article explores the cognitive motivations for the diversity of the source domains from the embodied cognitive perspective. By analyzing the motivations for the choices of the source domains in constructing the metaphorical concept of ＂sorrow＂ in certain Chinese poems, we discover that metaphor reflects the addresser＇s mental mapping, and the choice of a source domain reflects the addresser＇s cognitive inclination for understanding the target concept. We argue that although the various aspects of the target domain necessarily call for various source domains for their understanding, the choice of a certain source for a certain target primarily relies on the addresser＇s embodied cognition. The result of the present study indicates that the historical background and life experiences of the cognitive subjects, the differences of their perceptual sensibility as well as their intentionality of metaphorical highlighting jointly determine the diversity of the source domains for conceptual metaphors.