邻避项目社会稳定风险的生成与防范——以“彭泽核电站争议”事件为例

The Cause and Prevention of Social Stability Risk of NIMBY Project——A Case study of Pengze nuclear power plant

随着我国现代化进程的加快,对邻避项目的需求不断增加,但这种项目具有的风险非自愿和规避成本高的特征,极易激起民众的反抗情绪,引发社会稳定风险。我国的邻避项目基本进入了"计划修建-公众反对-说服+恐吓-反对升级-计划撤销"的死循环,呈现政府、企业、社会的多输局面。以引发江西、安徽相邻两省之间胶着对抗的"江西彭泽核电站"为例,可从安全之忧、利益之争、权利之辩和文化之殇几个方面分析邻避项目社会稳定风险的产生原因,并提出提升项目安全性、改进补偿手段、注重公民权利、塑造健康文化等相应的对策建议。本研究可为项目的顺利建设和社会稳定风险的预防预控提供参考。

With the acceleration of China＇s modernization, demands of NIMBY project increase at great speed. Meanwhile, due to its high risks and costs of risk-avoiding, the projects bring a lot of challenges and difficulties in that it is very likely to arouse severe public protests and risks of social uproars. The process of NIMBY projects usually follows the pattern of ＂planning - protesting - persuading ＋ threatening - protesting upgraded - revocation＂, resulting in all-lose situation among the government, the firms and the society. By analyzing the case of Pengze nuclear power plant, this paper explores the causes of NIMBY social risks from four aspects, namely, the safety concerns, conflict of interests, rights debate and cultural issues, and tentatively proposes some countermeasures from the perspectives of project safety, improvements in compensation, civil rights, and cultural environment. This research provides a reference for the construction of NIMBY projects and the prevention of social stability risks.