中国对外直接投资反向技术外溢的实证考察

Empirical investigation on reverse technology spillover of China's OFDI

利用省际面板数据对中国的对外直接投资反向技术外溢进行了实证考察,发现我国对外直接投资总体上并未显示出反向技术外溢效应;但在分地区的回归中,我国东部地区的对外直接投资已经产生了显著的反向技术外溢效应,这表明反向技术外溢规律在中国是适用的。基于上述实证结果,初步判断其成因是我国的技术吸收能力不足。把与国际经验分析相似的指标作为吸收能力代理指标,经实证考察发现:我国总体上的吸收能力并未达到反向技术外溢的要求,除人力资本强度、研发强度以及技术基础设施外,其他吸收能力均未对我国反向技术外溢效应产生正的贡献,且资本强度、研发强度、技术基础设施的贡献不显著。

An empirical study based on China＇ s provincial panel data reveals that China＇ s OFDI in general has not shown the effect of reverse technology spillover, but the regression results by different regions find that Chi- na＇s OFDI in the eastern region has produced significant reverse technology spillover effect, which indicates that the regulation of reverse technology spillover is applicable in China. Based on the empirical result, the paper preliminarily judges that this result is caused by the lack of absorptive capacity of China. Using similar indexes of international experience analysis as proxy indicators of the absorption capacity, the empirical study result finds, China ＇ s absorption ability on the whole hasn＇ t met the requirements of reverse technology spillover. Except for the insignificant contributors of human capital, R＆D investment and technical infrastructure, no other absorption ability is positively contributive to the effect of China＇ s reverse technology spillover.