“次等选举”的右倾化——欧洲议会选举中极右翼政党的崛起与影响

Right-wing Trends of the "Second-order Election": Impacts of the Far Rights' Rise in European Elections

第八届欧洲议会选举中极右翼政党的普遍性崛起,将改变欧盟以交易与妥协为基础的折中主义政治生态。但本届议会中极右翼的主流是强调法律与秩序的非反体制类激进右翼政党,这意味着其疑欧与反欧诉求总体上将服从于欧洲联盟现行的机制与规约,欧洲一体化及欧盟体制结构的主界面发生根本性逆转或瓦解的可能性相对较低。长期来看,极右翼的崛起对一体化的影响并不必然是完全消极的,但此轮欧盟政治"去精英化"的主要推动者却是秉持强硬与温和疑欧取向的民粹主义者,这虽然没有完全超越"次等选举"与"欧洲效应"的理论预判,但反映出一体化同步多维的深化与扩大导致的一系列深层次问题。

The rise of the far rights in the 2014 European elections will bring about fundamental changes to the EU' s established politics of eclecticism. Nevertheless, most of the right-wing parties having won seats in the European Parliament are not anti-establishment extremes,but radical rights who are, at least, nominally democratic and stress law and order. They will,in consequence,act according to the existing institutional procedures and regulations of the EU while trying to implement their Eurosceptic appeals. The mainstream of European integration is,therefore, unlikely to be overturned. However, the new round of opposition against the EU' s elitism has been actuated by the Eurosceptic populists.