论涉外民商事诉讼的立法和司法管辖

On Prescriptive Jurisdiction and Jurisdiction of Courts in the Foreign-Related Civil and Commercial Cases

在涉外民商事诉讼中,立法管辖权是国家制定管辖权规则的权能,体现的是管辖权静态的应然属性;司法管辖权是国家适用其所制定的管辖权规则的权能,体现的是管辖权动态的实然属性。解决管辖权冲突的主要途径是在坚持立法管辖刚性的前提下,对司法管辖进行柔性化处理。在立法管辖权上我国应采用"长臂管辖权"原则,以扩大法院管辖权范围;在司法管辖权上应采用不方便法院原则,使法官在涉外民商事案件诉讼中拥有自由裁量空间和灵活处置的余地,以维护国家利益,实现诉讼正义。

In the foreign-related civil and commercial cases,prescriptive jurisdiction , the power that a country can make the rules of jurisdiction, reflects the idealistic attribute of the static state of jurisdiction. Jurisdiction of courts, the power that a country applies the rules of jurisdiction, reflects the positive attribute of dynamic state of jurisdiction. The resolution to jurisdiction conflicts is to distinguish the functions of prescriptive jurisdiction and jurisdiction of courts. Under the inflexibility of prescriptive jurisdiction, flexibility can be applied to deal with jurisdiction of courts in order to achieve the harmony. In prescriptive jurisdiction, long-ann jurisdiction should be adopted to expand the limits of national jurisdiction. In jurisdiction of courts, inconvenient jurisdiction can be applied to leave the space for judges to use the discretion flexibly and freely. Therefore, the conflicts will be solved and the national interest and justice will be protected.