拿来与缺失——关于中国报告文学理论建构的反思

Bringing and Deficiency——Reflection on the Construction of Chinese Reportage Theory

报告文学理论的"拿来主义",一方面是指中国报告文学理论对于国外有关这一文体理论文章或著述的翻译和介绍,另一方面也是指报告文学理论对于小说等其他类型文体理论的借鉴。这主要集中在对于20世纪30年代欧美和日本等国报告文学理论、50年代苏联的特写理论以及80年代的美国非虚构文学理论的译介与借鉴。报告文学理论的"拿来"体现出中国学者主动选择的意志,但此后的理论建构呈现本土性缺失和系统性缺乏。而实现理论话语的本土性和体系性,才能从根本上真正确立中国报告文学理论的基本品质。

“Copinism” in Chinese reportage theory, on the one hand, refers to Chinese reportage theory＇s translating and introducing relevant foreign reportage works or articles, on the other hand, indicates Chinese reportage theory＇s learning from fiction and other types of stylistic theories. “Copinism” in Chinese reportage theory mainly focuses on the translation and reference to the reportage theories of Europe , the United States and Japan in 1930s,the Soviet＇s close up theory in 1950s, and the non-fiction literature theory in 80＇ s USA. The “copinism” in Chinese reportage theories reflects Chinese scholars＇ will of initiative selection, however, since then the theory construction presents indigenous deficiencies and systemic shortages. In order to fundamentally establish the basic quality of Chinese reportage theory, realizing localization and systematization of the theoretical discourse is imperative.