身体与休闲

Body and Leisure

身体与休闲是密不可分的两个概念,也是身体美学和休闲美学的两个核心范畴。身体美学是以艺术为中心研究人对自身存在的审美关系的科学,在审美关系中,人的身体应该具有三个层次:物质身体或者肉体身体,符号身体,精神身体,人的身体美应该也有这三个层次的内涵:物质身体美,符号身体美,精神身体美,最理想的应该是三者统一的身体整体美。休闲美学是以艺术为中心研究人对非实用性现实生活的审美关系的科学,人对现实的审美关系的超越功利性、外观形象性、情感感染性规定了休闲美的功利性和非功利性相统一、合规律性和合目的性相统一、个体性和社会性相统一的自由创造性。因此,在身体美学和休闲美学的共同视野下,休闲活动实践必须关注物质身体、符号身体、精神身体的整体全面发展,并且一定要遏制物质身体欲望化的纵欲主义,防止符号身体消费化的过度消费,阻止精神身体平庸化的"三俗"("庸俗、低俗、媚俗")时尚,努力提倡在休闲生活实践中全面发展人的身体,做到物质身体、符号身体、精神身体的整体平衡,和谐发展,自由展现。

Body and leisure are not only two inseparable concepts, but also the core categories of somaesthetics and leisure aesthetics. Somaesthetics is the science studying aesthetic relationship between human and themselves centering on the theme of arts. In the aesthetic relation, human＇s body should have three levels： physical body, symbolic body, and spiritual body, so does the beauty of body which has three corresponding connotations：physical beauty, symbolic beauty and spiritual beauty. The ideal beauty of body is the unification of the three ones. Leisure aesthetics is the science studying the aesthetic relationship between human and non-practical life focusing on the theme of arts. The aesthetic relationship between human and reality has such characteristics as beyond the utilitarian, the appearance of images and the emotional infection, which decide free creation in leisure aesthetics by unifying utilitarian and non-utilitarian, regularity and teleonomy, individuality and sociality. Thus, from the perspective of the common horizon of somaesthetics and leisure aesthetics, leisure activity must be focused on the comprehensive development of physical body, symbolic body, and spiritual body, suppressing the carnalism of physical body, preventing the symbolic body from excessive consumption, keeping spiritual body out of the temptation of mediocrity fashions. We should try our best to advocate the comprehensive development of human＇s body in real life practice, making physical body, symbolic body, and spiritual body reach balance, develop harmoniously and show themselves freely.