《内经》“诊有三常”的道德考量

Moral Discussion on“Diagnosis on Account of Three Norms”from the Inner Canon of Huangdi

成书于两千多年前的中医学经典《黄帝内经》中提出"诊有三常",认为医生应当对患者的贵贱、地位变迁、欲求等有所了解,并在此基础上区别对待。从伦理学视角考察了这一观点是否有违医生应遵循的道德原则,对《内经》"诊有三常"的道德考量有两个层面:一是医生对患者是否具有病情之外(社会地位、个人命运等)资料的知情权;二是医生对同一病症患者(其贵贱不同)的区别对待是否具有道德的合理性。

The classic on traditional Chinese medicine-The Inner Canon of Huangdi - which was written in two thousand years ago puts forward that “diagnosis on account of three norms”which con-siders that doctors should treat patients differently based on the knowledge of the high and the low, changes of status and desires of patients.From the viewpoint of logic,the article inspects the problem that this opinion whether contrary to ethical principles.There are two levels about the ethical consider-ations in allusion to diagnosis on account of three norms：One is that doctors whether have rights to know information such as social status,individual fate except for states of an illness.The other is that the different treatment to patients who get the same disease but differ in status is provided with moral rationality.