百年中国师范教育课程改革的文化路向

On the Culture Orientation of a Century's Normal Education Curriculum Reform in China

中国师范教育课程改革与社会文化变革密切相关,并遵循着一定时期社会的文化路向。考察近现代中国师范教育课程改革历程,可以清晰地发现,从清末时期的"中体西用"思想,到民国时期的"民主共和"、"三民主义"思想,直至20世纪后期的"科学人文主义"思想,它们在课程宗旨、课程内容乃至课程实践方面均对师范教育课程改革产生过深刻的影响,留下了特定时期社会文化变革的烙印,鲜明地反映出文化变革在师范教育课程上的价值诉求。同时,不同时期的师范课程改革也顺应了社会文化变革的需要,表现出师范课程改革自觉的文化意识。

The normal education curriculum reform in China was closely related to the culture transformation and followed the culture orientation of society in certain time. Review on the history of modern normal education curriculum reform in China, we can see clearly that the culture changes in different periods, such as the thought of ＂Chinese learning as the substance, Western techniques for their usefulness＂ in the late Qing Dynasty, the thought of ＂the Democratic Republic＂ and ＂the Three People＇s Principles＂ in the Republic of China, and the thought of ＂the scientific -humanism＂ in the late period of 20-Century, have had great effects on the normal education curriculum reform of China in the aspects of curriculum aims, curriculum contents, and even the curriculum practice. It reflects the value pursuit of culture transformation on the normal education curriculum reform in China. At the same time, the normal education curriculum reform in different periods went with the needs of social culture reform and manifested the conscious cultural awareness.