王阳明“致良知”道德哲学及其精神维度

Moral Philosophy of Wang Yangming's Theory of Practicing Intuitive Knowledge and Its Spiritual Dimension

王阳明作为明代"心学"运动的代表人物与最具影响力的理学家,提出"讲自己"的"致良知"说,昭示着阳明学术思想的突破与创新精神。本文将王阳明置于宋明理学思潮的大视域,通过对阳明"良知"与"致良知"道德哲学的基本内涵的考察、梳理,揭示其理论最大特色是强调"正心"、"诚意"、"知行合一",即本体即工夫,本体工夫一贯,凸显主体道德自觉与道德践履的内在统一,从而表明其具有使命担当、道德主体、大胆怀疑、革新创造、尊师重教和务实力行的六种真精神。

Wang Yangming,representative figure of Mind School in Ming dynasty and the most influential Neo-Confucianism philosopher,proposed his own practicing intuitive knowledge theory,which declares Yangming's academic breakthrough and his innovation spirit.In the perspective of Neo-Confucianism,this paper will analyze and comb the fundamental connotation of his moral philosophy to reveal that the best feature of his theory is to emphasize correct mind and honest consciousness,which means the ontology is the practicing,and the ontology is consistent with the practicing.His moral philosophy is an intrinsic unification system of moral conscientious and moral practicing,which shows its six great spirits of academic mission responsibility,moral subject,bold suspicion,innovation and creation,respect teachers and instructions,and pragmatic practice.