集聚经济、外部性治理与城市工业排放效率

Agglomeration economy,external governance and the efficiency of urban industrial emissions

基于2011年地级及以上城市数据,采用双边随机前沿分析方法,构建城市工业排放效率评价模型,探讨集聚效应利用不足和环境外部性治理失灵对城市环境的影响效应。研究结果表明,产业集聚有利于减少城市工业排放,集聚效应利用不足和环境外部性治理失灵导致实际工业排放对有效水平较大程度的偏离;城市规模越小,对工业的依赖程度越高,经济密度越低,产业集聚不足所产生的影响越大,大城市在环境治理效率上并没有体现出应有的优势。在实证分析的基础上指出,提升产业集聚水平、转变产业结构、增强城市管理和环境治理能力等政策可以改善城市环境,推动城市发展。

Based on the data consisting of 276 prefecture - level and above cities of China in 2011, this essay establishes basic analytical framework by the two - tier stochastic frontier model to measure the efficiency of urban industrial emissions and discusses the effect of insufficient agglomeration and invalid environmental external governance on urban environment. It is found that industrial agglomeration can effectively reduce the urban industrial emissions, and insufficient agglomeration and invalid environmental external governance have great influence on the actual level of urban industrial emissions. The results also show that the smaller in urban scale, the more dependence on manufacturing industry, and the lower in economic density, the greater effect of insufficient agglomeration, big city does not show its advantage on environmental governance efficiency. Therefore, it can improve the development and environment of city by improving the level of industrial agglomeration, upgrading the industry structure, and enhancing the capacity of city management and environmental management.