政府财政补贴对农民养老保障水平的影响机制分析——以西藏的新农保为例

The Influencing Mechanism of Government Fiscal Subsidies on the Farmers' Old-age Security Level——on the new rural social endowment insurance of Tibet

文章基于财政补贴效应理论,考察了新农保制度中政府财政补贴对农民养老保障水平的影响机制,即政府财政补贴是通过收入调节效应和乘数效应分别影响参保农民的养老金以及参保后的消费水平,并对新农保制度中政府财政补贴影响农民养老保障水平的力度进行了实证模拟分析。研究结果表明:政府财政补贴是提高农民养老金领取水平的主要因素,有利于提升农民的消费水平;但由于地方政府财政补贴数额低、对不同档次的缴费标准给予的补贴差额小,这样的补贴标准不利于吸引农民选择较高的缴费档次。因此,完善新农保制度,加大各级政府财政补贴力度,使不同缴费档次、缴费年限的补贴程度差异明显化是提高农村养老保障水平、促进消费的重要举措。

Based on the fiscal subsidy effect theory, this article examines the influencing mechanism of govern-ment fiscal subsidies on the farmers’old-age security level, that is to say, the fiscal subsidy of government af-fects the pension and the consumption level of the farmers insured the new rural social endowment insurance by means of income adjustment and multiplier effect. Moreover, an empirical simulation analysis has been done on the effects of government fiscal subsidy to the old-age security level of the farmers insured the new rural social endowment insurance. The results indicate that, the fiscal subsidy is a key factor to upgrade pension level, which is helpful to promote farmers’consumption level. However, the subsidy of local government is weak, and there is small difference between the subsidies of different classes of pay cost standard, which discourage farmers to se-lect higher payment standard. Thus, perfecting the new rural social endowment insurance policy, strengthening the subsidy of governments at all levels and making the difference of subsidies of different payment standard and payment years distinct are vital measures to promote famers’consumption and improve their old-age security.