列宁对辛亥革命时期中国各阶级的分析及其意义

Lenin's Analysis of Various Classes in Chinese Society During the Period of the 1911 Revolution and Its Significance

1911年辛亥革命的爆发引起了远在俄国的列宁对中国革命的高度关注。针对中国各阶级在辛亥革命时期的表现,列宁分析指出,"孙中山的党"是中国资产阶级民主派,是还能从事历史上进步事业的亚洲资产阶级;"袁世凯的党"是中国资产阶级自由派,是投机革命出卖共和的反动党;广大的农民是资产阶级民主派的主要社会支柱,却没有被广泛地吸引到革命中来;发展中的无产阶级是能够将中国民主革命斗争进行到底的先进阶级,未来的中国无产阶级政党能够克服孙中山的党脱离群众的弱点,能够批判吸收孙中山纲领的革命民主主义内核。列宁的科学分析不仅对于近代中国革命的推进具有积极的影响意义,而且对于当代中国共产党群众路线教育实践的开展具有重要的启示意义。

The outburst of 1911 revolution caused Lenin＇s high attention. According to the performance of various classes in Chinese society during the period of the 1911 Revolution, Lenin analysed the nature of each class and its role in the revolution. He pointed out that the party Sun Yat-Sen led was the democrat of Chinese bourgeoisie which could made historical progress in Asia. And the party Yuan Shikai led was the liberal of Chinese bourgeoisie which speculated the revolution and betrayed the republic. Peasants, the main pillars of the bourgeois democrat, were not been widely attracted to the revolution. The developing proletariat was the advanced class which could fight to the end and win in Chinese democratic revolution. And its party was not only to overcome the weakness of the party break away from the mass but also to critically absorb the revolutionary democratic kernel of the party Sun Yat-Sen led. So Lenin＇s scientific analysis had important enlightenment significance to the advance of Chinese revolution and the educational practice of mass line of Chinese Communist Party in contemporary.