自然解放与人的解放——北美生态学马克思主义的发展逻辑及其评价

The Emancipation of Nature and Human——Developmental logic and Evaluation of the North American Ecological Marxism

自然解放与人的解放之间的关系问题是生态学马克思主义的核心问题。北美生态学马克思主义以阿格尔、奥康纳和福斯特为代表的三个发展阶段对待这一问题的态度整体呈现由割裂到交集再到有机融合的辩证过程。北美生态学马克思主义发现资本主义生态危机具有深刻的制度根源,脱离生产关系的根本变革去追求人与自然的和谐发展只能导致价值和技术批判的乌托邦,只有人的真正解放才意味着自然的全面复活。

The relationship between the emancipation of nature and the emancipation of man is the core theoretical issue of the North American Ecological Marxism. The attitude about the theory of three stages of development of North Ameri- can Ecological Marxism as represented by Ben Agger, O. Connor and John Bellamy Foster overall manifests a dialectical process of organic fusion from separation to intersection. North American Ecological Marxism reveals that the capitalist ecological crisis has a profound system origin. The pursuance for harmonious development of fundamental change aliena- ting from the fundamental change of productive relations can only lead to a utopia subjected to value and technological critique. Only the real emancipation of man can mean the overall resurgence of nature.