“才、胆、识、力”:叶燮对审美主体能力的建构与阐释

Talent,Courage,Judgment and Force:Ye Xie's Construction and Interpretation of the Abilities of an Aesthetic Subject

叶燮在《原诗》中把审美主体的能力构成概括为"才、胆、识、力","识"为基础,"才"为核心,"力"求独创,同时"识"始于"格物"的知性品格,和"力"的实践特点构成"知行合一"的理性认知关系。四者的关系叶氏认为是"交相为济,苟一有所歉,则不可登作者之坛"。

In his work Yuan Shi, Ye Xie summarizes four elements of the abilities of an aesthetic subject, that is, talent, courage, judgment and force. Judgment is the basis of the whole aesthetic process; talent serves as its nucleus; and force leads to originality of the work. At the same time, judgment may have its root in the intellectual nature of ＂Ge Wu＂ （thorough inquiries about the essence of things）, and constitutes a rational cognitive relationship with the practical features of force, namely ＂Zhi Xing He Yi ＂ （the unity of knowing and doing）. As for the correlations among them, Ye Xie believes that the four elements support each other and a person cannot achieve the status of a major writer if any one of them is missing.