认知语法框架下动结式的形成和论元实现

On the formation and argument realization of the resultative construction in the Cognitive Grammar framework

动结式是独立存在的语言结构,表示施事将能量传递给客体,使其发生状态变化。根据语言编码策略,动结式可分为施事性动结式和客体性动结式。施事性动结式在更详细的层次上凸显非作格动词所隐含的客体和结果论元、及物动词所隐含的结果论元,从而容纳两类动词。客体性动结式凸显非宾格动词所隐含的结果论元,从而使其论元得到饱和。动词能接受动结式所赋予的额外论元是因为动词本身隐含动结式所需要的论元。

As an independent structure, the resultative construction expresses both the transfer of energy from the agent to the theme and the latter's change of state effected by this energy transfer. The construction is either agent-oriented or theme-oriented in light of the encoding strategies involved. The agent-oriented resultative construction profiles the implied theme and result of unergative verbs and the implied result of transitive verbs at a detailed level, and thus accommodates both verb types. The theme-oriented resultative construction profiles the implied result of unaccusative verbs, and thereby renders its arguments saturated. The reason why verbs in the resultative construction accept extra arguments is that these verbs proper possess the implied arguments needed.