19世纪末美国金本位制的确立及对美国经济的影响

The Establishment of Gold Standard in American at the End of 19th Century and Its Influence on American Economy

19世纪后期,美国开始在国内建立金本位制度,但是不同的利益集团在货币政策上不同的利益诉求,导致美国国会在有关金本位制度法案上的存废展开了激烈的博弈,由于联邦行政部门出于效率的原则偏袒金融利益集团,坚持实行金本位制度,使其最终得以保存并确立。金本位制度使美国融入英国所确立起来的国际货币体系,保障了美国稳定的资本市场的形成,这对于美国对外出口和投资都是极为重要的,有利于美国工业化的完成和长期经济增长。

The US started to establish its domestic gold standard in the late 19th century. Due to divergence of different interest groups in money policies,a fierce parliamental tug-of-war played out concerning bills related to the gold standard. Insistence on the gold standard by the administrative arm of the federal government in seeking of efficiency and in support of financial interests led to the final establishment of the standard, which enabled the US to become part of the international money system put in place by the UK, ensuring the formation of a stable capital market in the US, thus significantly promoting its export and investment and beneficial to the completion of its industrialization and its long-term economic growth.