论“奔头”——理解冀村农民自杀的一个本土概念

Living a Fortune Life for Hope and Value:A Local Chinese Concept to Understand Peasant's Suicide in Ji Village

农民为什么自杀?为了回答这一问题,本文从本土正统哲学出发,基于儒家传统对自杀的理解,以冀村农民自杀的田野经验为例,将农民的日常口头语言"奔头"进行理论提炼并用之分析了冀村农民自杀的原因。"奔头"是指在人的一生中,通过人的努力奋斗可以实现的愿望和价值,是支撑人一生的日常生活过程持续运行的动力机制,它包含了人活着所要面对的归宿、齐家和生活三个基本层次。农民自杀是由归宿、齐家、生活三个层次所构成的"奔头"这一人活着的动力机制失调所致。随着"奔头"三个层次的主要内涵发生变化,农民自杀的样态亦随之发生了变动。

Why does the peasant commit suicide？ This paper constructs a suicide theory frame ＂Ben- tou＂ that mean living a fortune life for hope and value to understand the peasants＇ suicide which based on the empirical experience in Ji Village on the north of rural China under the confucian traditional perspective. ＂Bentou＂ refers to hope and value which the people can achieve by their individual hard working. ＂Bentou＂ means a kind of dynamic mechanism that the people live through their all life, which concluded among spirit fate, regulating the family and livelihood for being alive fortunately. Peasant＇s suicide, is the end-result, terms, the life of three levels of ＂Bentou＂ to disorder. With the main connotation of ＂Bentou＂ has been of peasant＇s suicide have changed as well. the people living dynamic mechanism caused by changing on the three levels, the characteristics