庆典的再造与海南少数民族社区建设——以三亚市凤凰镇黎族苗族传统节日“三月三”为例

Recreation of Celebration and Construction of Ethnic Minority Communities in Hainan:A Case Study of the Traditional March Festival of Li and Miao in Fenghuang,Sanya

三亚市黎族苗族三月三节日庆典不仅是少数民族传统文化的展演活动,而且成为地方政府对基层社会加以治理的手段。地方政府的意志通过节日庆典的组织筹备工作由市、镇、村逐级落实,尤其是对各村、居委会"两委"的组织能力进行检验,在这一过程中,地方政府通过整合各方资源,掌握节日庆典的主导权,彰显了政府的权威。这说明,非物质文化遗产文化在社会实践中被赋予了社会意义和政治含义,分析这些含义不但可以加深我们对非物质文化遗产保护的理解,对我们理解中国社会转型时期的社区建设也具有启发意义。

The celebration of Li＇s ＆ Miao＇s March Festival, not only is a display and performance event of ethnic minority culture, but also becomes a way to manage the grass-root society for the local government. The scheme of the local government is practiced from level to level by the city government, then by the town government and last by the village government through the organization and preparation work for the festival celebration, which is especially an examination of organization ability for the village committee and the residents＇ committee of each village. During the process, the local government gains its dominance in the festival celebration through the integration of every resource, displaying its authority. This means that social meanings and political implications have been attached to cultural events of intangible cultural heritage in practice. Analyzing such meanings not only can deepen our understanding about intangible cultural heritage protection, but also will be enlightening to our understanding of the community construction in the course of social transformation in China.