从娱乐说到游戏说——西方文学审美愉悦价值观念的重心转换

Entertainment and gaming as the values of the western literary aesthetics

文学价值的心灵指向是中西传统文学价值观念中的重要一维，而文学的审美愉悦价值功能则是中西文论诗学共同关注的一个基本层面。围绕文学的审美愉悦价值功能问题，西方诗学经历了从娱乐说到游戏说的重心转换，文学的审美愉悦所内在包含的超脱功利阈限的自由价值指向逐渐获得了其在理论上愈益明确的表达，在康德、席勒的美学思想中生成了自由与“游戏”的价值观念，从而形成了迥异于中国传统文论关于文学审美愉悦价值研究的不同理论路径。

Mental orientation of the literary values is one of the dimensions to distinguish Chinese and western traditional literature, and entertaining value is another. Western poetry studies switch from entertainment to gaming, while the concept of freedom implied in the literary aesthetics emerges in theoretic expressions. The aesthetics by Kant and Schiller generates the gaming ideas, which diverts from the Chinese traditional theoretical approach to literary aesthetic values.