当代大学生社会焦虑及其影响因素研究——以厦门大学为例

Influence Factors of Contemporary College Students' Social Anxiety——An Empirical Research on Xiamen University

采用多阶段分层抽样,对厦门大学300名本科生进行有关社会焦虑的问卷调查,并以"风险社会"为研究背景,从认知的视角,考察大学生的社会焦虑现状及其影响因素,结果发现:大学生的社会焦虑主要集中在发展问题、情感问题和物质问题上,且对发展问题表现出普遍焦虑;风险认知对大学生的社会焦虑有显著影响,风险认知越强烈,社会焦虑程度越高;社会价值观念对大学生的情感焦虑和物质焦虑有显著影响,将先赋性因素作为人生发展决定性因素的大学生体验到更多的情感焦虑和物质焦虑;行为应对方式对大学生的社会焦虑有显著影响,积极行为应对方式作为一种中介因素能够缓解大学生的社会焦虑。

With the deepening of reform, China has entered a period of profound changes in social structure. Anxiety has been transformed from individual psychological problems into the common emotional experience of the social general public. As a special social group, college students are in the strong conflict of psychological tension and anxiety. Based on the background of ＇risk society＇ and cognitive perception, this paper tries to analyze the influence of social values, risk perception and behavior responses on college students＇ social anxiety. We find that, firstly, risk perception has a significant impact on social anxiety. College students will experience more social anxiety when the risk perception is more intensive. Secondly, social values have a significant impact on both emotional anxiety and material anxiety. College students will experience more anxiety if they make the ascribed factors as the decisive factors in the life development. Thirdly, the behavior tendency also has a significant impact on social anxiety. The positive behavior responses as intermediary factors can alleviate the social anxiety of college students.