定中复合名词中的构式强迫

Construction Coercion in Modifier-Head Compound Nouns

构式强迫是解决语义冲突、类型错配的机制,可能会导致构式中某个成分的意义发生变化。本文主要从构式强迫的角度解释了定中复合名词中心成分意义的变化。定中构式会强迫中心成分发生三种变化:名化、泛化和语素化。分别是由范畴错配、语义修饰关系错配和音节-语素错配引起的。研究结果还显示,构式强迫对构式和成分都有影响,构式与成分之间存在互动关系。引入构式强迫,不仅可以对名化、泛化和语素化等现象作出统一的解释,还可以对所谓的逆序定中复合名词作出更好的解释。

This paper aims to investigate sense shift of head elements in modifier-head compound nouns from the prospective of construction coercion. Construction coercion is triggered by the need to resolve semantic conflict or type mismatch. It may result in sense shift of some elements in a construction. The modifier-head construction may coerce the head element into nominalization, generalization or morphemization, respectively caused by category mismatch, semantic modification mismatch and syllable-morpheme mismatch. It turns out that construction coercion affects both the construction and its elements, because they interact with each other. Construction coercion can not only provide a systematic explanation for nominalization, generalization and morphemization, but also help us better understand the so-called head-modifier compound nouns in Chinese.