金融资产回购交易的会计确认:国际演进与比较视角

Accounting Recognition for Transfers with Forward Agreements to Repurchase Financial Assets:Evolution Process and International Comparisons

雷曼兄弟利用金融资产的回购交易粉饰财务报表导致破产的事件,暴露出金融资产回购交易的会计确认对财务报表产生的重要影响。而原有会计准则存在缺陷,很难准确处理复杂的回购交易。回顾回购交易会计确认(即终止确认准则)的演进进程,可以发现相关准则存在不同的优势和缺陷,在实际运用中存在不同问题。而国际上未有完善的准则出现,终止确认准则需要改进和国际趋同。在对准则思路进行国际比较与评价后,文章提出了具体的改进建议。

Lehman Brothers used“Repo 105”to manipulate their financial statements,causing their bankruptcy. And this event indicates the significance of accounting recognition for transfers with forward agreements to repurchase financial assets. The former financial standards contain many defects,so that it is hard to recognize complicated repurchase transactions precise-ly. Reviewing the international evolution process of accounting recognition for those transfers,we can find that there are differ-ent advantages and disadvantages existed in related accounting standards, and that different issues arise when applying these standards. But there is no any perfect standard available in the world,so derecognition of the standards need modifications and global convergence. After making international comparisons of the thoughts of these standards, the paper makes recommenda-tions aimed to perfect accounting recognition for transfers with forward agreements to repurchase financial assets.