阿尔都塞对马克思哲学革命的历史指证

Althusser's Testifying about the History of Marx's Philosophical Revolution

传统的对马克思哲学革命的历史指认和理论思考在阿尔都塞看来普遍缺乏科学性,其根本原因在于不能对马克思哲学革命的思想进程作出正确的历史界划。通过对马克思哲学思想发展史的重新考证,阿尔都塞首次提出,在马克思的思想发展进程中,存在着一个由"意识形态"阶段向"科学"阶段的转变,此一转变发生于1845年,标示着马克思的哲学革命。循此脉络,他对马克思的思想发展作出了详细的历史分期。阿尔都塞的观点较为准确地揭示了马克思哲学思想发展历史进程的内在逻辑,为正确理解马克思哲学的实质和基本特征奠定了理论基础。

The traditional identification and theoretical thinking about the history of Marx’ s philosophical revolu-tion generally lacked of science in Althusser’ s opinion,its fundamental reason lies in being unable to make the correct periodization of the thought processes of Marx’ s philosophical revolution. Through a new research on the development history of Marx’ s philosophy,Althusser first proposed that there is a transition from the “ideology”stage to the “science” stages in the process of Marx’s thought,this change occurred in 1845,it marked Marx’s philosophical revolution. In this context,he made historical periods of Marx’ s thought development in detail. Al-thusser’ s view more accurately revealed the inner logic of the development history of Marx’ s philosophy,it laid a theoretical foundation for correctly understanding the essence and basic characteristics of Marx’ s philosophy.